Verse Lens · Expanded explanation
1 Samuel 20:13 Explained in Context
Use this verse as a doorway into the larger passage—not as an isolated saying.
Verse 13. 13The LORD do so and much more to Jonathan: but if it please my father to do thee evil, then I will shew it thee, and send thee away, that thou mayest go in peace: and the LORD be with thee, as he hath been with my father.
King James Version — public domain in the United States · Bible text and permissions
Quick Meaning
Binds Jonathan to warn and send David away if Saul intends harm.
Read It With
- 1 Samuel 20:9–20:17
Read 1 Samuel 20:13 as one step in 1 Samuel 20:9–20:17: it binds Jonathan to warn and send David away if Saul intends harm. The complete scene shows that Jonathan promises to disclose Saul's purpose, asks enduring loyalty for his house, covenants with David's house, and makes David swear again because of his love.
Why This Verse Appears Here
The unit “Jonathan renews covenant across succession risk” needs this line's precise work: it binds Jonathan to warn and send David away if Saul intends harm. The verse remains one part of the scene rather than its complete claim.
Follow the Context
- Opening movement: Jonathan promises to disclose Saul's purpose, asks enduring loyalty for his house, covenants with David's house.
- Developing movement or outcome: makes David swear again because of his love.
What This Verse Is Not Saying
First Samuel 20:13 does not stand alone from 1 Samuel 20:9–20:17: it binds Jonathan to warn and send David away if Saul intends harm. Covenant loyalty does not authorize dynastic entitlement, coerced promises, retaliation against descendants, or erasure of debated dimensions of Jonathan and David's bond.
What Remains True
Binds Jonathan to warn and send David away if Saul intends harm. Within 1 Samuel 20:9–20:17, this contribution supports the unit's enduring claim: The enduring claim is contextual rather than triumphal: Jonathan promises to disclose Saul's purpose, asks enduring loyalty for his house, covenants with David's house, and makes David swear again because of his love. Covenant loyalty does not authorize dynastic entitlement, coerced promises, retaliation against descendants, or erasure of debated dimensions of Jonathan and David's bond.
How It Can Shape Life
- Binds Jonathan to warn and send David away if Saul intends harm. The proportionate response is therefore the one traced from the complete unit: Practice loyal care through truthful speech, protection, kept commitments, and respect for another person's agency, especially when loyalty carries a real cost. Covenant loyalty does not authorize dynastic entitlement, coerced promises, retaliation against descendants, or erasure of debated dimensions of Jonathan and David's bond.
Teach It Back
Explain 1 Samuel 20:13's precise role in 1 Samuel 20:9–20:17. Include the first historical horizon, material uncertainty, one person or cost a leader-centered reading could obscure, and one conclusion this verse does not authorize.
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Continue in Context
The full thought-unit study remains the final contextual authority for this Verse Lens.
Read 1 Samuel 20:9–20:17 — Jonathan renews covenant across succession riskSources used for this Verse Lens
How certain is this explanation? probable
Where care is needed
Political, familial, affective, and possible homoerotic dimensions are interpreted differently; the explicit covenant protects Jonathan's house amid David's expected rise.
These are the sources used directly for this lens. Language, grammar, disagreements, and the complete source shelf remain attached to the full thought-unit research record.
Biblical text
King James (Authorized) Version — eng-kjv2006
eBible.org and CrossWire Bible Society
USFM archive eng-kjv2006_usfm.zip; source files dated 2026-08-19; downloaded 2026-08-24; archive SHA-256 aec1b3b26c622fd3d963d2bbac963016b9513246ffbfa20da00bb100372ea007; normalized corpus SHA-256 09aef51d90488aa7b9722b3fd9a93f4b25f6bf2064c5fd798fb39673c300ddf2.
Supports: Exact displayed KJV words, verse order, paragraph metadata, supplied-word markup, and complete unit coverage.
Exact location: 1 Samuel 20:9–20:17, pinned eng-kjv2006 USFM-derived repository corpus
Open source ↗hebrew text and morphology
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible: 1 Samuel
Open Scriptures
Open Scriptures, release 2.2
Supports: Masoretic Hebrew wording and morphology, with the two KJV-Hebrew versification shifts stated rather than silently offset.
Exact location: Open Scriptures MorphHB v2.2, commit 6a5db284c715c18b239422e57bb89684e6a19f00, wlc/1Sam.xml, OSIS 20:9–20:17; KJV 20:42 spans Hebrew 20:42–21:1, KJV 21:1–15 maps to Hebrew 21:2–16, KJV 23:29 maps to Hebrew 24:1, and KJV 24:1–22 maps to Hebrew 24:2–23
Open source ↗translation and translator notes
NET Bible First Edition Notes: 1 Samuel
Biblical Studies Press
Biblical Studies Press, 2006
Supports: Only the translator notes actually printed for these verses, used for lexical, grammatical, textual, historical, and older-English controls.
Exact location: NET Bible First Edition Notes, 1 Samuel PDF, printed pp. 504–543, exact tc/tn/sn entries attached to 20:9–20:17
Open source ↗open access doctoral thesis
Politics and Covenant in the Divine Davidic Kinship
Sophia Ruth Carter Johnson
University of Cambridge, 2023
Supports: A diachronic political-covenant study that keeps succession and affection visible without settling homoerotic interpretation.
Exact location: Johnson, Politics and Covenant in the Divine Davidic Kinship, Cambridge PhD thesis (2023), Jonathan covenant pp. 29–69; 1 Samuel 18:1–5 pp. 41–49; 20:1–42 pp. 50–62; 23:15–18 pp. 63–65
Open source ↗scholarly monograph frontmatter and table of contents
The Theology of the Book of Samuel
John Goldingay
Cambridge University Press, 2024
Supports: Only the publisher-visible book architecture and theological scope; the paywalled body is not treated as inspected.
Exact location: Goldingay, The Theology of the Book of Samuel (2024), official frontmatter and TOC: 1 Samuel 13:1–20:42[21:1], pp. 77–110
Open source ↗scholarly monograph abstract and contents
Divine Violence in the Book of Samuel
Rachelle Gilmour
Oxford University Press, 2021 online; 2022 print
Supports: One literary, ethical, and political account of divine and human violence; publisher-visible scope does not establish consensus.
Exact location: Gilmour, Divine Violence in the Book of Samuel (2021/2022), official abstract and TOC: relevant discussion for 1 Samuel 20:9–20:17, including 1 Samuel 12 pp. 71–81, Saul's rejection pp. 90–139, Eli's house pp. 140–150, or ark violence pp. 154–185 as applicable
Open source ↗