Verse Lens · Expanded explanation
Hebrews 1:13 Explained in Context
Use this verse as a doorway into the larger passage—not as an isolated saying.
Verse 13. 13But to which of the angels said he at any time, Sit on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool?
King James Version — public domain in the United States · Bible text and permissions
Quick Meaning
This verse closes the Son-directed quotations with Psalm 110's right-hand seat and enemy-footstool promise.
Read It With
- Hebrews 1:5–14
Read Hebrews 1:13 with 1:5–14. This verse closes the Son-directed quotations with Psalm 110's right-hand seat and enemy-footstool promise. The complete unit establishes this movement: Through a carefully arranged chain of Israel's Scriptures, the preacher presents the Son as royal heir, worshiped ruler, righteous and enduring creator, and enthroned Lord, while angels are God's mobile servants sent for those inheriting salvation.
Why This Verse Appears Here
The quotation chain grounds the prologue's claim in Scripture rather than assertion and establishes the Son's reign before the sermon's first warning. Within that movement, this verse closes the Son-directed quotations with Psalm 110's right-hand seat and enemy-footstool promise.
Follow the Context
- Royal sonship language from Psalm 2 and 2 Samuel 7 distinguishes the Son from angels.
- Worship and servant texts contrast the Son's throne with angels as winds and flames.
- Psalms 45 and 102 describe righteous rule and enduring creative lordship.
- Psalm 110 enthrones the Son while angels remain commissioned servants.
Phrase-by-Phrase Explanation
“until I make thine enemies thy footstool”
In plain language: God, not the community, makes opposition subject to the enthroned Son.
closes the Son-directed quotations with Psalm 110's right-hand seat and enemy-footstool promise. The Son's victory belongs to God's action and timetable.
Why it matters: The wording carries interpretive or ethical risk that requires the full unit and its stated limits.
How certain? probableWhat This Verse Is Not Saying
Enemy imagery does not authorize violence, political conquest, antisemitism, or dehumanizing opponents.
What Remains True
The Son's victory belongs to God's action and timetable.
How It Can Shape Life
- Resist naming people as Christ's footstool and leave judgment to God.
Teach It Back
Explain Hebrews 1:13's contribution to Hebrews 1:5–14: closes the Son-directed quotations with Psalm 110's right-hand seat and enemy-footstool promise. Include what the surrounding verses add, the stated uncertainty, and what this verse does not authorize.
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Continue in Context
The full thought-unit study remains the final contextual authority for this Verse Lens.
Read Hebrews 1:5–14 — The Enthroned Son Reigns while Angels ServeSources used for this Verse Lens
How certain is this explanation? probable
Where care is needed
The passage does not identify contemporary enemies or specify how final subjection occurs.
These are the sources used directly for this lens. Language, grammar, disagreements, and the complete source shelf remain attached to the full thought-unit research record.
Biblical text
King James (Authorized) Version — eng-kjv2006
eBible.org and CrossWire Bible Society
USFM archive eng-kjv2006_usfm.zip; source files dated 2026-08-19; downloaded 2026-08-24; archive SHA-256 aec1b3b26c622fd3d963d2bbac963016b9513246ffbfa20da00bb100372ea007; normalized corpus SHA-256 09aef51d90488aa7b9722b3fd9a93f4b25f6bf2064c5fd798fb39673c300ddf2.
Supports: Exact reader-facing Scripture wording, paragraph markers, supplied-word markup, and complete verse coverage.
Exact location: Hebrews 1:5–14, pinned eng-kjv2006 USFM corpus
Open source ↗Greek textual evidence
The Greek New Testament: SBL Edition
Michael W. Holmes, editor; Society of Biblical Literature and Logos
Society of Biblical Literature and Logos Bible Software, 2010
Supports: Greek wording, clause relationships, discourse features, quotations, and original-language discussion.
Exact location: SBLGNT official text file Heb.txt, 1:5–14
Open the Hebrews Greek text file ↗Translation and textual notes
NET Bible - Hebrews with translators' and textual notes
Biblical Studies Press
Biblical Studies Press, 2005-2026 online edition
Supports: Verse-level Greek, syntax, KJV-era wording, textual variants, and interpretive alternatives.
Exact location: NET Bible Hebrews chapter print views, 1:5–14, including attached translator, study, and textual notes
Open NET Hebrews 1 notesmodern open commentary
Hebrews
Dennis E. Johnson
The Gospel Coalition Bible Commentary, 2023
Supports: Whole-sermon movement, Greek observations, scriptural exposition, theological synthesis, and stated interpretive alternatives.
Exact location: Johnson, Hebrews, open commentary introduction and section 1:5–14, with bibliography and endnotes
Open source ↗modern jewish annotated new testament
The Letter to the Hebrews in The Jewish Annotated New Testament
Pamela Eisenbaum; edited by Amy-Jill Levine and Marc Zvi Brettler
Oxford University Press, 2011
Supports: Jewish scriptural and historical orientation, Greek-text observations, reception risks, and anti-supersessionist constraints.
Exact location: Eisenbaum, Jewish Annotated New Testament, print pp. 406–426, introduction and annotations on 1:5–14
Open source ↗peer reviewed open access intertextual study
The Importance of the Dead Sea Scrolls for the Study of the Explicit Quotations in Ad Hebraeos
Gert J. Steyn
HTS Teologiese Studies / Theological Studies 72.4, 2016
Supports: Second Temple Jewish scriptural matrix and cautious comparison of Greek-scripture and Dead Sea Scroll wording without direct-dependence claims.
Exact location: Steyn, 'The Importance of the Dead Sea Scrolls for the Study of the Explicit Quotations in Ad Hebraeos,' HTS 72.4 (2016), complete open HTML article, especially the text-critical, hermeneutical, theological, socio-religious, and conclusion sections
Open source ↗Lexical and grammatical evidence
STEP Bible Data
Tyndale House Cambridge
Tyndale House Cambridge, repository snapshot verified 2026
Supports: Independent morphology, form, and lexical-range cross-check for material Greek claims.
Exact location: STEP Bible Data repository, Greek morphology and lexical records for Hebrews 1:5–14
Open source ↗