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Judges 7:16–25, King James Version
Italic words were supplied in the English translation for clarity.
Judges 7:16–25
Trumpets and torches trigger Midian's flight
Three companies surround the camp with trumpets, jars, and lamps
Gideon divides the three hundred into three companies and puts a trumpet in every man's hand, with empty pitchers and lamps within the pitchers. He says, Look on me, and do likewise. When he comes to the outside of the camp, they are to blow the trumpets and cry, The sword of the LORD, and of Gideon. They stand every man in his place round about the camp.
The cry names God and Gideon together. It is this night's shout, not proof that every force that attaches God's name belongs to God, and not a template for covert political violence.
The LORD sets sword against sword; pursuit kills Oreb and Zeeb
In the beginning of the middle watch they blow the trumpets and break the pitchers. The three companies hold the lamps in their left hands, the trumpets in their right, blow, and cry. The host runs, cries, and flees. The three hundred blow, and the LORD sets every man's sword against his fellow throughout the host. The army flees toward Beth-shittah, Zererath, Abel-meholah, and Tabbath.
Gideon sends messengers through mount Ephraim to take the waters unto Beth-barah and Jordan. Ephraim takes the waters, captures two princes of Midian, Oreb and Zeeb, kills them, and brings their heads to Gideon. Coordinated sound and light expose panic. The victory immediately widens into pursuit, executions, and the honor quarrel of the next unit. Captured princes' deaths are not permission for extrajudicial killing.
How this should shape us
Disciplined, truthful coordination can show that oppressive power is brittle. Stop and review what the pursuit does to captives and to neighboring groups rather than freezing the story at the broken jars.
Teach it back
Explain Judges 7:16–25 in your own words. Include its scene movement, one source-supported detail, one material uncertainty, and one conclusion or imitation the complete context rules out.
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Go deeper
The explanation above is meant to stand on its own. Open these notes only if you want language, history, disagreements, or source locations.
Where careful interpreters disagreeThe strongest options and their difficulties
Where do careful interpreters disagree?
Best judgment: Military reconstructions differ on how the deception worked and how the pursuit unfolded. The text's anti-boasting and divinely induced panic control the episode.
How certain? probableResearch trail and exact locationsThe source record behind this section
Supports: Exact reader-facing Scripture wording, paragraph markers, supplied-word markup, and complete verse coverage.
Judges 7:16–25, pinned eng-kjv2006 USFM corpus
Supports: Masoretic Hebrew wording, morphology, names, clause relationships, repeated terms, wordplays, and translation control.
Open Scriptures MorphHB v.2.2, commit 6a5db284c715c18b239422e57bb89684e6a19f00, wlc/Judg.xml, 7:16–25
Supports: Verse-level translation, syntax, textual, poetic, geographical, social, and uncertainty notes.
NET Bible Judges PDF, printed pp. 463-465, translation and notes on 7:16–25
Supports: Recent whole-book literary organization, differentiated judge portraits, progressive decline, Abimelech, Samson, and the double epilogue within the limits of preview access.
Assis, Before There Were Kings, inspected contents and exposed summaries for the relevant literary section, printed pp. 142-211
Supports: Compositional alternatives, rhetorical relationships among prologue, central narratives, and epilogues, and the material YHWH-kingship alternative for the no-king refrain.
Wong, Compositional Strategy of the Book of Judges, University of Edinburgh repository abstract and chapter descriptions
Sources for This Section
These records identify the source, the claim it supports, and the exact location used. A source remains evidence to evaluate; it does not replace the biblical text.
Biblical text
King James (Authorized) Version — eng-kjv2006
eBible.org and CrossWire Bible Society
USFM archive eng-kjv2006_usfm.zip; source files dated 2026-08-19; downloaded 2026-08-24; archive SHA-256 aec1b3b26c622fd3d963d2bbac963016b9513246ffbfa20da00bb100372ea007; normalized corpus SHA-256 09aef51d90488aa7b9722b3fd9a93f4b25f6bf2064c5fd798fb39673c300ddf2.
Supports: Exact reader-facing Scripture wording, paragraph markers, supplied-word markup, and complete verse coverage.
Exact location: Judges 7:16–25, pinned eng-kjv2006 USFM corpus
Open source ↗hebrew text and morphology
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible: Judges
Open Scriptures
Open Scriptures, release 2.2
Supports: Masoretic Hebrew wording, morphology, names, clause relationships, repeated terms, wordplays, and translation control.
Exact location: Open Scriptures MorphHB v.2.2, commit 6a5db284c715c18b239422e57bb89684e6a19f00, wlc/Judg.xml, 7:16–25
Open source ↗translation and translator notes
NET Bible: Judges with translators' notes
Biblical Studies Press
Biblical Studies Press, 2006
Supports: Verse-level translation, syntax, textual, poetic, geographical, social, and uncertainty notes.
Exact location: NET Bible Judges PDF, printed pp. 463-465, translation and notes on 7:16–25
Open source ↗modern scholarly monograph preview
Before There Were Kings: A Literary Analysis of the Book of Judges
Elie Assis
Penn State University Press / Eisenbrauns, 2024
Supports: Recent whole-book literary organization, differentiated judge portraits, progressive decline, Abimelech, Samson, and the double epilogue within the limits of preview access.
Exact location: Assis, Before There Were Kings, inspected contents and exposed summaries for the relevant literary section, printed pp. 142-211
Open source ↗doctoral thesis repository record
Compositional Strategy of the Book of Judges: An Inductive, Rhetorical Study
Gregory T. K. Wong
University of Edinburgh, 2005
Supports: Compositional alternatives, rhetorical relationships among prologue, central narratives, and epilogues, and the material YHWH-kingship alternative for the no-king refrain.
Exact location: Wong, Compositional Strategy of the Book of Judges, University of Edinburgh repository abstract and chapter descriptions
Open source ↗