Philippians 4:21–23, King James Version
Italic words were supplied in the English translation for clarity.
Philippians 4:21–23
Every Saint Is Greeted and Grace Has the Final Word
Every saint is greeted, even names from Caesar's house, under grace.
Paul greets every saint in Christ Jesus. The brothers with him greet them, and all the saints greet them, especially those of Caesar's household. The letter that began in a known church ends with greetings that cross even imperial rooms.
The last word is the grace of the Lord Jesus Christ with their spirit. After partnership, suffering, humility, credentials refused, and gifts received, the church still lives by undeserved favor.
How this should shape us
Greet the whole church on purpose, including people whose jobs sit near power, and leave the week under Christ's grace rather than under your last achievement.
Teach it back
Explain Philippians 4:21–23 in your own words. State its main movement, why it appears here, and one boundary on application.
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Go deeper
The explanation above is meant to stand on its own. Open these notes only if you want language, history, disagreements, or source locations.
Where careful interpreters disagreeThe strongest options and their difficulties
How strongly does Caesar's household support Rome as the prison location?
Why it fits: The emperor's central household and praetorian connections are most naturally located in Rome.
Difficulty: Imperial personnel and property existed beyond the capital.
Why it fits: Members of the imperial household network served across the empire.
Difficulty: The clustered imperial language remains suggestive of Rome.
Best judgment: Rome is a strong traditional inference, and this greeting supports it, but Philippians still does not state the city; certainty would exceed the evidence.
How certain? probableResearch trail and exact locationsThe source record behind this section
Supports: The KJV wording and immediate English context for Philippians 4:21–23.
eBible/CrossWire eng-kjv2006 USFM, source files dated 2026-08-19, Philippians 4; archive and normalized-corpus SHA-256 values are recorded in the library policy.
Supports: The critically edited Greek wording and punctuation used as the base text for this passage.
Faithlife SBLGNT repository, data/sblgnt/text/Phil.txt, Philippians 4, verses within Philippians 4:21–23.
Supports: Material English translation choices, syntax notes, and textual variants identified for this passage.
NET Bible, Philippians 4, translator and textual notes attached to the verses in Philippians 4:21–23.
Supports: Passage structure, historical setting, Greek analysis, and interpretive alternatives tested against the primary text.
Paul A. Holloway, Philippians: A Commentary (Hermeneia), pp. 190–192.
Supports: A cross-check of the Greek forms and reasonable lexical range for words surfaced to readers.
STEP Bible Data repository, Translators Amalgamated Greek New Testament (TAGNT) and Greek lexical records, Philippians 4, verses within Philippians 4:21–23.
Sources for This Section
These records identify the source, the claim it supports, and the exact location used. A source remains evidence to evaluate; it does not replace the biblical text.
Biblical text
King James (Authorized) Version — eng-kjv2006
eBible.org and CrossWire Bible Society
USFM archive eng-kjv2006_usfm.zip; source files dated 2026-08-19; downloaded 2026-08-24; archive SHA-256 aec1b3b26c622fd3d963d2bbac963016b9513246ffbfa20da00bb100372ea007; normalized corpus SHA-256 09aef51d90488aa7b9722b3fd9a93f4b25f6bf2064c5fd798fb39673c300ddf2.
Supports: The KJV wording and immediate English context for Philippians 4:21–23.
Exact location: eBible/CrossWire eng-kjv2006 USFM, source files dated 2026-08-19, Philippians 4; archive and normalized-corpus SHA-256 values are recorded in the library policy.
Open source ↗Greek textual evidence
The Greek New Testament: SBL Edition
Michael W. Holmes, editor; Society of Biblical Literature and Logos
Society of Biblical Literature and Logos Bible Software, 2010
Supports: The critically edited Greek wording and punctuation used as the base text for this passage.
Exact location: Faithlife SBLGNT repository, data/sblgnt/text/Phil.txt, Philippians 4, verses within Philippians 4:21–23.
Open the Philippians Greek text file ↗Translation and textual notes
NET Bible — Philippians with translators' notes
Biblical Studies Press
Biblical Studies Press, digital edition accessed 2026
Supports: Material English translation choices, syntax notes, and textual variants identified for this passage.
Exact location: NET Bible, Philippians 4, translator and textual notes attached to the verses in Philippians 4:21–23.
Open NET Philippians 4 ↗A major interpretive source
Philippians: A Commentary
Paul A. Holloway
Fortress Press, Hermeneia, 2017
Supports: Passage structure, historical setting, Greek analysis, and interpretive alternatives tested against the primary text.
Exact location: Paul A. Holloway, Philippians: A Commentary (Hermeneia), pp. 190–192.
Open the book record ↗Lexical and grammatical evidence
STEP Bible Data
Tyndale House Cambridge
Tyndale House Cambridge, repository snapshot verified 2026
Supports: A cross-check of the Greek forms and reasonable lexical range for words surfaced to readers.
Exact location: STEP Bible Data repository, Translators Amalgamated Greek New Testament (TAGNT) and Greek lexical records, Philippians 4, verses within Philippians 4:21–23.
Open source ↗