Nahum 3:12-17, King James Version
Italic words were supplied in the English translation for clarity.
Nahum 3:12-17
Strongholds, Preparations, and Imperial Networks Vanish
Forts drop like firstripe figs, and a gender insult is not a teaching about women
All thy strong holds shall be like fig trees with the firstripe figs: if they be shaken, they shall even fall into the mouth of the eater. Then the poem says, Behold, thy people in the midst of thee are women: the gates of thy land shall be set wide open, the fire shall devour thy bars. That comparison is an ancient shame-taunt that treats 'women' as a synonym for failed soldiers. It does not teach that women are cowardly, weak, or unfit to defend anyone.
Draw thee waters for the siege, fortify thy strong holds, go into clay, and tread the morter, make strong the brickkiln. The commands mock last-minute industry. There shall the fire devour thee; the sword shall cut thee off. Preparation cannot rescue a system already judged.
Merchants and officers multiply, then vanish like locusts in the sun
Make thyself many as the cankerworm, make thyself many as the locusts. Thou hast multiplied thy merchants above the stars of heaven. Thy crowned are as the locusts, and thy captains as the great grasshoppers, which camp in the hedges in the cold day, but when the sun ariseth they flee away, and their place is not known where they are.
Scale looks like safety: trade, court, command. The poem says those networks can lift and disappear. Ordinary workers and civilians are not thereby made targets. The locust words are images of sudden absence, not a zoology lesson or a troop count.
How this should shape us
Do not trust headcount, forts, or a busy market as proof that a system is just. Strip gendered insults out of crisis talk. When leaders vanish, protect the workers and neighbors they leave behind.
Teach it back
Explain Nahum 3:12-17 in your own words. Include its place in the Nineveh-facing oracle, the unit's movement, one material uncertainty, and one use the context rules out.
Your explanation stays in this browser. It is not sent or saved.
Go deeper
The explanation above is meant to stand on its own. Open these notes only if you want language, history, disagreements, or source locations.
Where careful interpreters disagreeThe strongest options and their difficulties
Where do careful interpreters disagree?
Best judgment: Interpreters debate the rare locust words, court and military titles, section boundary at 3:15, and the degree to which the metaphors draw on observed locust behavior. The defense-to-disappearance movement and gendered insult are unmistakable.
How certain? probableResearch trail and exact locationsThe source record behind this section
Supports: Exact reader-facing Scripture wording, paragraph markers, supplied-word markup, and complete verse coverage.
Nahum 3:12-17, pinned eng-kjv2006 USFM corpus
Supports: Masoretic Hebrew words, morphology, clause relationships, repeated roots, names, and the base wording behind translation discussion.
Open Scriptures MorphHB v.2.2, commit 6a5db284c715c18b239422e57bb89684e6a19f00, wlc/Nah.xml, 3:12-17
Supports: Verse-level translation, syntax, text-critical, poetic, historical, and uncertainty notes.
NET Bible Nahum PDF, printed pp. 1765-1767, translation and notes on 3:12-17
Supports: Literary movement, textual and historical alternatives, ethical criticism, gendered rhetoric, atrocity language, and reader responsibility.
O'Brien, Nahum, Second Edition, pp. 69-77 and 129-157
Supports: Compact book outline, dating and compositional alternatives, verse-level difficulties, and ethical framing.
O'Brien, 'Nahum,' Oxford Bible Commentary, printed pp. 599-601
Supports: Ancient city-as-woman rhetoric, gore and exposure language, interpretive harm, and reader accountability.
Wessels, 'Cultural sensitive readings of Nahum 3:1-7,' historical-cultural reading, feminist-critical discussion, and conclusion
Supports: Locust terms and the multiplication-then-disappearance metaphor for merchants, courtiers, and officials.
Wessels, 'The metaphorical depiction of Nineveh's demise,' Nahum 3:8-17 structure, 3:15-17 metaphor analysis, and conclusion
Sources for This Section
These records identify the source, the claim it supports, and the exact location used. A source remains evidence to evaluate; it does not replace the biblical text.
Biblical text
King James (Authorized) Version — eng-kjv2006
eBible.org and CrossWire Bible Society
USFM archive eng-kjv2006_usfm.zip; source files dated 2026-08-19; downloaded 2026-08-24; archive SHA-256 aec1b3b26c622fd3d963d2bbac963016b9513246ffbfa20da00bb100372ea007; normalized corpus SHA-256 09aef51d90488aa7b9722b3fd9a93f4b25f6bf2064c5fd798fb39673c300ddf2.
Supports: Exact reader-facing Scripture wording, paragraph markers, supplied-word markup, and complete verse coverage.
Exact location: Nahum 3:12-17, pinned eng-kjv2006 USFM corpus
Open source ↗hebrew text and morphology
Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible: Nahum
Open Scriptures
Open Scriptures, release 2.2
Supports: Masoretic Hebrew words, morphology, clause relationships, repeated roots, names, and the base wording behind translation discussion.
Exact location: Open Scriptures MorphHB v.2.2, commit 6a5db284c715c18b239422e57bb89684e6a19f00, wlc/Nah.xml, 3:12-17
Open source ↗translation and translator notes
NET Bible: Nahum with translators' notes
Biblical Studies Press
Biblical Studies Press, 2006
Supports: Verse-level translation, syntax, text-critical, poetic, historical, and uncertainty notes.
Exact location: NET Bible Nahum PDF, printed pp. 1765-1767, translation and notes on 3:12-17
Open source ↗scholarly commentary
Nahum, Second Edition
Julia M. O'Brien
Sheffield Phoenix Press, Readings: A New Biblical Commentary, 2009
Supports: Literary movement, textual and historical alternatives, ethical criticism, gendered rhetoric, atrocity language, and reader responsibility.
Exact location: O'Brien, Nahum, Second Edition, pp. 69-77 and 129-157
Open source ↗scholarly commentary article
Nahum
Julia M. O'Brien
Oxford University Press, in The Oxford Bible Commentary, edited by John Barton and John Muddiman, 2001
Supports: Compact book outline, dating and compositional alternatives, verse-level difficulties, and ethical framing.
Exact location: O'Brien, 'Nahum,' Oxford Bible Commentary, printed pp. 599-601
Open source ↗peer reviewed journal article
Cultural sensitive readings of Nahum 3:1-7
Wilhelm J. Wessels
HTS Teologiese Studies/Theological Studies 74.1, 2018
Supports: Ancient city-as-woman rhetoric, gore and exposure language, interpretive harm, and reader accountability.
Exact location: Wessels, 'Cultural sensitive readings of Nahum 3:1-7,' historical-cultural reading, feminist-critical discussion, and conclusion
Open source ↗peer reviewed journal article
The metaphorical depiction of Nineveh's demise: The use of the locust 'marked metaphor' in Nahum 3:15-17
Wilhelm J. Wessels
In die Skriflig 51.1, 2017
Supports: Locust terms and the multiplication-then-disappearance metaphor for merchants, courtiers, and officials.
Exact location: Wessels, 'The metaphorical depiction of Nineveh's demise,' Nahum 3:8-17 structure, 3:15-17 metaphor analysis, and conclusion
Open source ↗