Section 256 of 271139:13–18Psalms
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Psalms 139:13–18, King James Version

King James VersionPsalms 139:13–18

Italic words were supplied in the English translation for clarity.

Psalms 139:13–18

Known, searched, and unable to flee divine presence: Creaturely formation and uncountable thoughts

Formation in the womb is the start of the same knowing, spoken in the first person

For thou hast possessed my reins: thou hast covered me in my mother's womb. I will praise thee; for I am fearfully and wonderfully made: marvellous are thy works; and that my soul knoweth right well. My substance was not hid from thee, when I was made in secret, and curiously wrought in the lowest parts of the earth.

For ties this stanza to the last: presence reaches even the dark because it reached the speaker's making. Reins are the inward parts. Covered in the womb, embroidered in secret, lowest parts of the earth as a figure for the hidden womb—the language is the speaker's own creatureliness. I am fearfully and wonderfully made is praise from inside a body already alive, not a detached tract.

Unfinished substance, a book, and thoughts past counting—then the psalm is still not finished

Thine eyes did see my substance, yet being unperfect; and in thy book all my members were written, which in continuance were fashioned, when as yet there was none of them. How precious also are thy thoughts unto me, O God! how great is the sum of them! If I should count them, they are more in number than the sand: when I awake, I am still with thee.

Unperfect is unformed substance. The book and the days or members written are poetry of being known before appearance, not a modern medical file. Precious thoughts and sand-countless sum return the theme: the speaker is held in a knowing too large. When I awake, I am still with thee brings the night of the last stanza into morning. The psalm's movement is known, inescapable, formed, then—next—enemies and a plea to be searched. Using the womb lines as isolated fetal-policy proof-texting ignores that movement, ignores the first-person praise, and ignores the turn toward self-examination. The poem does say prenatal making is God's work. It does not hand you a statute, and it does not stop at verse 18.

How this should shape us

Praise God for being known from the hidden beginning of your own life. Treat unformed substance as wonder, not as a prop. Do not snatch these verses out of the psalm to win a policy fight while skipping the searching, the darkness, the enemies, and the final 'search me.' Let the whole movement teach you, including creaturely humility.

Teach it back

Explain Psalms 139:13–18 in your own words. Name the poetic voice and movement, trace its place in Psalm 139 and Book V, identify one exact source control or uncertainty, and reject one use the passage does not authorize.

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Go deeper

The explanation above is meant to stand on its own. Open these notes only if you want language, history, disagreements, or source locations.

Where careful interpreters disagreeThe strongest options and their difficulties

Where do responsible readings differ?

Best judgment: Divine knowledge can comfort and unsettle; it does not authorize surveillance, erase privacy, or make the speaker's hatred a command for readers.

How certain? probable
Research trail and exact locationsThe source record behind this section
King James (Authorized) Version — eng-kjv2006

Supports: Exact displayed KJV wording, verse order, paragraph metadata, supplied-word markup, and complete thought-unit coverage.

Psalms 139:13–18, pinned eng-kjv2006 USFM-derived repository corpus

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible: Psalms

Supports: Masoretic Hebrew wording and morphology checked at the exact unit without treating morphology as a complete apparatus or interpretation.

Open Scriptures MorphHB v2.2, commit 6a5db284c715c18b239422e57bb89684e6a19f00, wlc/Ps.xml, OSIS 139:13–18

NET Bible Notes: Psalms 1-150

Supports: Verse-level controls for poetic syntax, imagery, older KJV language, textual issues, headings, and alternatives in Psalms 139:13–18.

Official NET Bible Psalm 139 HTML, translator, textual, and study notes attached to Psalms 139:13–18

Psalms course: summary, outline, background, introductory issues, theological themes, and Bible in the world

Supports: Five-book, genre, poetic, historical, theological, liturgical, communal, and reception synthesis with visible limits.

Enter the Bible Psalms course, Introductory Issues: individual and communal lament, from lament to praise, and Bible in the World; applied to Psalms 139:13–18

A New English Translation of the Septuagint: Psalms

Supports: Ancient Greek wording, numbering, division, and superscription evidence where it materially clarifies translation or reception.

NETS Psalms, Pietersma introduction pp. 542–543 and exact Greek translation headed Ps 139 for Psalms 139:13–18

An Overview of the Study of Imprecatory Psalms: Reformed and Evangelical Approaches to the Interpretation of Imprecatory Psalms

Supports: Major historical, literary, covenantal, ethical, and reception approaches to curses and enemy language.

Simango and Krüger, 'An Overview of the Study of Imprecatory Psalms,' OTE 29.3 (2016), pp. 581–600, complete approach survey; applied to Psalms 139:13–18

Embracing the Psalter's imprecatory words in the 21st century

Supports: Imprecation retained as difficult prayer and communal speech without converting violent wishes into commands or erasing Jewish reception.

deClaissé-Walford, 'Embracing the Psalter's imprecatory words,' Acta Theologica Suppl. 32 (2021), pp. 275–292, especially literary, liturgical, trauma, and ethical proposal; applied to Psalms 139:13–18

Sources for This Section

These records identify the source, the claim it supports, and the exact location used. A source remains evidence to evaluate; it does not replace the biblical text.

Biblical text

King James (Authorized) Version — eng-kjv2006

eBible.org and CrossWire Bible Society

USFM archive eng-kjv2006_usfm.zip; source files dated 2026-08-19; downloaded 2026-08-24; archive SHA-256 aec1b3b26c622fd3d963d2bbac963016b9513246ffbfa20da00bb100372ea007; normalized corpus SHA-256 09aef51d90488aa7b9722b3fd9a93f4b25f6bf2064c5fd798fb39673c300ddf2.

Supports: Exact displayed KJV wording, verse order, paragraph metadata, supplied-word markup, and complete thought-unit coverage.

Exact location: Psalms 139:13–18, pinned eng-kjv2006 USFM-derived repository corpus

Open source ↗

hebrew text and morphology

Open Scriptures Hebrew Bible: Psalms

Open Scriptures

Open Scriptures, release 2.2

Supports: Masoretic Hebrew wording and morphology checked at the exact unit without treating morphology as a complete apparatus or interpretation.

Exact location: Open Scriptures MorphHB v2.2, commit 6a5db284c715c18b239422e57bb89684e6a19f00, wlc/Ps.xml, OSIS 139:13–18

Open the fixed Hebrew Psalms file ↗

translation and translator notes

NET Bible Notes: Psalms 1-150

Biblical Studies Press

Biblical Studies Press, current official online edition

Supports: Verse-level controls for poetic syntax, imagery, older KJV language, textual issues, headings, and alternatives in Psalms 139:13–18.

Exact location: Official NET Bible Psalm 139 HTML, translator, textual, and study notes attached to Psalms 139:13–18

Open the official NET Psalms notes ↗

modern scholarly book course

Psalms course: summary, outline, background, introductory issues, theological themes, and Bible in the world

Fred Gaiser; revised by Nicholas Schaser

Enter the Bible, Luther Seminary, revised May 2024

Supports: Five-book, genre, poetic, historical, theological, liturgical, communal, and reception synthesis with visible limits.

Exact location: Enter the Bible Psalms course, Introductory Issues: individual and communal lament, from lament to praise, and Bible in the World; applied to Psalms 139:13–18

Open the Enter the Bible Psalms course ↗

ancient greek text translation and introduction

A New English Translation of the Septuagint: Psalms

Albert Pietersma

International Organization for Septuagint and Cognate Studies; Oxford University Press, 2009

Supports: Ancient Greek wording, numbering, division, and superscription evidence where it materially clarifies translation or reception.

Exact location: NETS Psalms, Pietersma introduction pp. 542–543 and exact Greek translation headed Ps 139 for Psalms 139:13–18

Open NETS Psalms ↗

peer reviewed open access research overview

An Overview of the Study of Imprecatory Psalms: Reformed and Evangelical Approaches to the Interpretation of Imprecatory Psalms

Daniel Simango and P. Paul Krüger

Old Testament Essays 29.3, 2016

Supports: Major historical, literary, covenantal, ethical, and reception approaches to curses and enemy language.

Exact location: Simango and Krüger, 'An Overview of the Study of Imprecatory Psalms,' OTE 29.3 (2016), pp. 581–600, complete approach survey; applied to Psalms 139:13–18

Open the imprecatory-psalm overview ↗

peer reviewed open access literary and ethical study

Embracing the Psalter's imprecatory words in the 21st century

Nancy L. deClaissé-Walford

Acta Theologica Supplementum 32, 2021

Supports: Imprecation retained as difficult prayer and communal speech without converting violent wishes into commands or erasing Jewish reception.

Exact location: deClaissé-Walford, 'Embracing the Psalter's imprecatory words,' Acta Theologica Suppl. 32 (2021), pp. 275–292, especially literary, liturgical, trauma, and ethical proposal; applied to Psalms 139:13–18

Open deClaissé-Walford on imprecation ↗